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Ulmus × hollandica 'Pioneer'
The elm cultivar ''Ulmus × hollandica'' 'Pioneer' is an American clone arising from the crossing of two European species, Wych Elm ''U. glabra'' and Smooth-leaved Elm ''U. minor'' subsp. ''minor''.
Raised by the USDA station at Delaware, Ohio, in 1971, 'Pioneer' was released to commerce in 1983.
==Description==
'Pioneer' is a fast-growing tree distinguished by a dense, globular crown, which as it matures becomes more broad than tall, like its ''U. glabra'' parent,〔Arthur Lee Jacobson, 'Plant of the Month, 2008' (arthurleej.com/p-o-m-Oct08.html). Photographs of 'Pioneer' elm: (www.ca.uky.edu ) and (plants.bachmanslandscaping.com )〕 and casting a heavy shade. The leaves are deep green, and similar in shape to the Wych Elm,〔Santamour, J., Frank, S. & Bentz, S. (1995). Updated checklist of elm (Ulmus) cultivars for use in North America. ''Journal of Arboriculture'', 21:3 (May 1995), 121-131. International Society of Arboriculture, Champaign, Illinois, USA.〕 colouring yellow and red in the fall.〔Photograph of autumn colouring of young 'Pioneer' elms, University of Washington campus: Arthur Lee Jacobson, 'Plant of the Month, 2008' ()〕 The perfect, apetalous wind-pollinated flowers appear in early March.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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